The Five Essentials
I was asked the other day what test could be used to tell if someone was a heretic or just in error. I thought this would be a good topic to share here, so here goes.
There are five major doctrines the church has historically and generally used as a test of Christian organizations to see if they was not cultic: The Trinity, the deity of Christ, the bodily resurrection of Christ, salvation by grace alone, and the vicarious atonement. Denial of any of these has historically put an organization in the cult category. Let’s look at these very briefly:
The Trinity: Belief in the Trinity is to believe the one true God chooses to exist in three distinct persons; God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit: one being but three persons. These three are coequal and co-eternal. We see this in Scripture here:
The Father is God: Gal. 1:1 (ESV) Paul, an apostle—not from men nor through man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead
The Son is God: Titus 2:13 (ESV) waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ
The Holy Spirit is God: Acts 5:3-4 (ESV) But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land? 4 While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to man but to God.”
Yet there is only one true God: 1 Tim. 1:17 (ESV) To the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
Conclusion: The three persons are the one true God.
The Deity of Christ. This is the belief that Jesus is God the Son, in all ways equal in nature with the Father and the Holy Spirit:
John 5:18 (ESV) This was why the Jews were seeking all the more to kill him, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was even calling God his own Father, making himself equal with God.
The Bodily Resurrection of Christ. This is the belief that Jesus rose from the dead in the very body that died on the cross at Calvary.
Luke 24:36-39 (ESV) As they were talking about these things, Jesus himself stood among them, and said to them, “Peace to you!” 37 But they were startled and frightened and thought they saw a spirit. 38 And he said to them, “Why are you troubled, and why do doubts arise in your hearts? 39 See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”
Salvation by Grace Alone. This is the belief we are saved by God’s grace and not by anything we have done. Works have nothing to do with salvation.
Eph. 2:8-9 (ESV) For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, 9 not a result of works, so that no one may boast.
Vicarious Atonement. This is the belief that Jesus didn’t only die for the world corporately but for us as individuals as well. Vicarious just means “on behalf of another.” God is interested in all of mankind, but what about me, a lowly sinner. Is God interested in just me? In the Parable of the Lost Sheep, Jesus answers this for us:
Luke 15:3-7 “What man of you, having a hundred sheep, if he has lost one of them, does not leave the ninety-nine in the open country, and go after the one that is lost, until he finds it?”
God is looking to save you and me. That’s why salvation is such a personal experience.
Why is this important?
For the individual Christian, it is enough to rely on Jesus for your salvation. The above five doctrines can be useful for a Christian to examine an organization before they become involved in it.
A second danger of not understanding these doctrines is a Christian may have relied on Christ for their salvation but now thinks works are necessary for salvation, or Jesus is inferior in nature to the Father, or the Holy Spirit is just a name for God’s power. When they share their faith, they are sharing it in error. Maybe they are sharing a faith that is not a saving faith. Maybe they tell a seeker that Jesus is the Archangel Michael or God is really not triune but one person who relates to us in three ways, or maybe we don’t really need to rely on Jesus at all to be saved, that works need to be performed first. Is that a saving faith?
We are responsible before God both for what we believe and what we share with others. One day we will stand before God, and we will have to explain why we didn’t study our faith deeply enough to be able to explain it clearly and completely to others. We are expected to be able to give a clear and accurate representation of the Truth when asked.
2 Tim. 2:24-26 And the Lord’s servant must not be quarrelsome but kind to everyone, able to teach, patiently enduring evil, 25 correcting his opponents with gentleness. God may perhaps grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth, 26 and they may come to their senses and escape from the snare of the devil, after being captured by him to do his will.
Believers Armed and Dangerous 